Campanula zangezura: Red Data Book of Armenia

EN B 1 ab(ii,iii,iv) + 2 ab(ii,iii,iv)

Category. Endangered species. One population is known. The extent of occurrence and the area of occupancy are less than 500 km2. The species faces decline of the extent of occurrence and the area of occupancy caused by the open exploitation of the mines. In the first edition of the Red Data Book of Armenia it was included under the name Symphyandra zangezura Lipsky under Category 3: Reducing species. It is not included in the Annexes of CITES and that of the Bern Convention.

Description. Perennial herb. Stems 10–40 cm, unbranched or poorly branched, few–flowered. Corolla purplish–pink, almost rotate. Anthers connate. Rosette and lower cauline leaves petiolate, palmatipartite. Very decorative plant.

Distribution. In Armenia it occurs in Zangezur and Meghri floristic regions (south of Zangezur and Meghri mountain ranges at East up to the Khustup Mountain). EOO is 430 km2, AOO is 60 km2. The number of locations is 5. Beyond the borders of Armenia the species grows in Nakhichevan (southern part of Zangezur mountain range) and North– West Iran (Karadagh mountain range).

Ecological, biological and phytocoenological peculiarities. Grows from middle to alpine belt, at the altitudes of 1600–3200 meters above sea level, on rocks. Flowering from July to August, fruiting from August to September.

Limiting factors. Restricted extent of occurrence and area of occupancy, loss/degradation of habitats caused by mining industry.

Conservation actions. Part of the population grows on the area of "Arevik" national park. Necessary: monitoring of the population state.